From Prof. Dr. Aykut Recep Aktaş: The Success Rate of Microwave Ablation in Desmoid Tumours

As Prof. Dr. Aykut Recep Aktaş, Interventional Radiology Specialist, I continue to inform you about the advanced treatment methods we practise at our clinic. In this article, we will discuss the success rates and scientific foundations of microwave ablation (MWA), a minimally invasive technique for treating desmoid tumours, which are rare but can significantly impact quality of life.

A Brief Overview of Desmoid Tumours

Desmoid tumours are fibromatous lesions originating from fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which are benign but can behave in a locally aggressive manner. Despite lacking malignant potential, they pose a significant clinical problem due to their ability to infiltrate surrounding tissues and their high rates of local recurrence. They typically occur in areas such as the abdominal wall, extremities, or mesentery, leading to symptoms like pain, swelling, and loss of function. Traditional treatment approaches include surgical resection, radiotherapy, and systemic medical therapies.

Microwave Ablation (MWA) in Desmoid Tumour Treatment

Microwave Ablation (MWA) is a thermal ablation technique based on the principle of generating heat in tumour tissue using high-frequency electromagnetic waves. This controlled heat leads to coagulative necrosis in tumour cells, thereby inactivating the tumour. Performed under ultrasound or CT guidance by inserting a small, needle-like probe through the skin into the tumour, this procedure is minimally invasive, offering a less traumatic experience and a faster recovery process compared to surgery.

MWA Success Rates in Light of Scientific Data

Scientific studies on the efficacy of microwave ablation in desmoid tumours have yielded highly promising results. The success rate is generally evaluated based on criteria such as "local tumour control" (cessation of tumour growth or regression) and "symptomatic improvement".

• Local Tumour Control: Various retrospective studies and case series indicate that microwave ablation achieves high local tumour control rates ranging from 80% to 95% in desmoid tumours. These rates are defined as no tumour growth or tumour shrinkage even during long-term follow-ups after ablation. Success rates can be even higher, particularly for small (generally under 5 cm) and accessible tumours.
• Symptomatic Improvement: Significant improvement is observed in symptoms such as pain, pressure sensation, swelling, or loss of function experienced by patients after MWA. According to reports, symptomatic improvement rates hover between 70% and 85%, signifying a considerable increase in patients' quality of life.
• Safety and Complications: MWA is generally a safe procedure. The rates of serious complications are remarkably low and are usually limited to temporary side effects seen in minimally invasive procedures, such as minor haematomas or mild pain.
• Recurrence Rates: High local control rates also point to low recurrence rates. After successful ablation, the risk of the tumour recurring in the same area can be lower than or similar to that following surgery; MWA may offer a significant advantage, particularly in cases with positive surgical margins.

These data suggest that microwave ablation can be an equivalent or, at times, a more advantageous alternative to surgery in the treatment of desmoid tumours, especially in cases where surgical risks are high or complete surgical excision is challenging.

Desmoid Tumour Treatment at Our Clinic in Antalya

At our clinic in Antalya, we apply microwave ablation for desmoid tumour treatment within the framework of the latest technological equipment and international scientific protocols. We aim for the most effective results through a multidisciplinary approach, creating personalised treatment plans for our patients. Our experienced team prioritises our patients' comfort and safety through meticulous pre-assessment and follow-up processes.

Our aim is to both ensure tumour control and improve the post-treatment quality of life for patients with desmoid tumours. At our clinic, each patient's condition is thoroughly evaluated to determine if microwave ablation is a suitable option, and the entire process is transparently shared with the patient and their family.

Conclusion

In the treatment of desmoid tumours, microwave ablation has proven itself as an effective and safe minimally invasive method, offering high rates of local tumour control and significant potential for symptomatic improvement. It represents an important treatment option for patients who are not suitable for surgery or who are seeking a minimally invasive solution.

As Prof. Dr. Aykut Recep Aktaş, I am proud to offer our patients the most modern and scientifically grounded treatment approaches, aiming to support them throughout their healthcare journey.

For detailed information, please contact Prof. Dr. Aykut Recep Aktaş.